You can add css class to the whole view (go to your view edit page -> Advanced -> Other -> Css Class). It will print something like this:
<div class="view view-test view-id-test view-display-id-page table-responsive view-dom-id-47b9f610df77a3f6181e64ca36b9881e">
<div class="view-content">
<table class="views-table cols-2">
...
</table>
</div>
</div>
In views UI there is no option to add class to <table>
element, but you can create/copy a template file (e.g. views-view-table.tpl.php, you can copy it from views module, look in "Theme information" in your view for more specific details) in your theme, clear caches and edit it as you wish.