Out of the box there is practically no support for MSSQL. Drupal 7 there was an attempt to support it driven by the Commerce Guys, but that work migrated to a contrib module and is not in core. Here is a quick rundown of compatibility.
Drupal 6: Not possible
Drupal 7: Possibly with the MSSQL Layer module called SQLsrv. But be prepared for issues when using contrib modules, some will not work because many modules write out SQL commands and run them with db_query instead of the abstraction layer for performance reasons - especially complex queries.
Drupal 8: Not possible out of the box. There is a third party module that provides a driver for MSSQL.
If you really want to get the most out of Drupal with as little headache as possible, run MySQL or even MarianDB on Windows.