Wrap your element in a container like here:

$form['frame'] = ['#type' => 'container', '#attributes' => ['class' => ['container-inline']]];
$form['frame']['e_mail'] = [
      '#type' => 'email',
      '#title' => $this->t('EMail'),
    ];

Wrap your element in a container like here:

$form['frame'] = ['#type' => 'container', '#attributes' => ['class' => ['container-inline']]];
$form['frame']['e_mail'] = [
      '#type' => 'email',
      '#title' => $this->t('EMail'),
    ];

For your code it should work like

$form['odt-filter'] = [
      '#type' => "container",
      '#attributes' => ['class' => ['container-inline']],
      'odt-filter' => [
        '#type' => 'textfield',
        '#title' => 'Filtra',
        '#attributes' => [
          'id' => [
            'odt-filter',
          ],
        ],
      ],
    ];