For Drupal 7:
Drupal has the function drupal_page_is_cacheable() which can be used to set a page to uncacheable.
Here is the documentation: https://api.drupal.org/api/drupal/includes!bootstrap.inc/function/drupal_page_is_cacheable/7
For Drupal 8:
// Deny any page caching on the current request.
\Drupal::service('page_cache_kill_switch')->trigger();
Then the code is:
public function myPage() {
\Drupal::service('page_cache_kill_switch')->trigger();
return [
'#markup' => time(),
];
}
As usual, clean your cache once done.