There are a couple of options for this.
To get profile fields the most common solution is the profile module included in Drupal core. Go to Administer > Site building > Modules
and enable it under core-optional. Then you can configure the Profile module at Administer > User settings > Profile
and in the settings you can say whether the fields will show during registration or not.
To get a captcha during registration you will need one of a couple of modules:
I prefer HCaptcha because it works very well and even can earn you some money, but it sends your content to an external site to do some verification.
There is also Captcha which provides integration with other options.