I did a clean install of Acquia Dev Desktop (Build Nov 13th, 2017) under Windows 10. I can clone my site (Drupal 8) and then click to open my local Drush console. It opens a DOS prompt into the docroot directory. When I execute any drush commands I get "The filename, directory name, or volume label syntax is incorrect."
Here is a sample:
C:\DevDesktop\website-dev\docroot>drush -d -d version
Loading drushrc "C:\Program Files (x86)\DevDesktop\tools\vendor\drush\drush\drushrc.php" into "drush" scope. [bootstrap]
[0.78 sec, 2.48 MB] Cache HIT cid: 8.1.15-commandfiles-0-61c5476a3a04a40d4bdadfd521f0641f [0.84 sec, 2.52 MB] [debug]
Begin redispatch via drush_invoke_process(). [1.16 sec, 6.43 MB] [notice]
Backend invoke: "C:\DevDesktop\website-dev\docroot\vendor\bin\drush.launcher" [command] --root="C:\DevDesktop\website-dev\docroot" --debug --verbose version 2>&1 [1.21 sec, 6.45 MB]
Calling proc_open("C:\DevDesktop\website-dev\docroot\vendor\bin\drush.launcher" --root="C:\DevDesktop\website-dev\docroot" --debug --verbose version 2>&1);
The filename, directory name, or volume label syntax is incorrect. End redispatch via drush_invoke_process(). [1.24 sec, 6.44 MB] [notice]