create a template file for your content type, in your theme folder. it should be something like node--node_type.tpl.php
. In that file you should have access to all the node's fields.
You can start by using the default node.tpl.php
as an example. More about templates you can find here.
EDIT:
in your default node.tpl.php
you could find something like this:
// this is taken from the omega theme
<?php if ($display_submitted): ?>
<footer class="submitted"><?php print $date; ?> -- <?php print $name; ?></footer>
<?php endif; ?>
so instead of print $name
you could do something like print l('your custom field value', 'user/' . $node->uid)